The principle of EV charging pile cable

OMG006

Member
What is the basic principle of charging piles? In fact, the AC pile only inputs the main power (220VAC or 380VAC) into the electric vehicle through the adapter, and then converts the AC to DC to charge the battery through the car charger. The DC charging pile converts the mains AC power into DC power, and then adjusts the output voltage and output current of the power battery on the vehicle through real-time communication with the BMS on the vehicle.

First of all, should we clearly distinguish between electric vehicles and traditional fuel vehicles? It is well known that fuel vehicles mainly provide power by adding fuel to the engine and gearbox; electric vehicles are mainly driven by DC motors and battery packs, and other principles are basically the same.

In addition, the DC charging pile is mainly composed of modules, main control board, communication board, human-machine interface, charging gun, billing system, air switch, lightning protection, discharge resistor, insulation detection, etc. It is suitable for social buses and public transportation vehicles, electric The approximate driving distance of a car is 30-90KW, h, and the cruising range is 200-500km; (passenger car) carries 60-240kw, h, and the cruising range is 100-200km. Of course, the greater the power of the charging pile, the faster the charging speed. For example, a car's battery pack has a capacity of 60kW. H. The charging time of an 80kW charging pile is about 1 hour, and the charging time of a 120kW charging pile is about 0.8 hours.

Strictly speaking, charging speed depends on the performance of the battery. The battery itself does not reject external charging current and has no control capabilities. However, high-current charging will generate a lot of heat for the battery, which will damage the battery if it cannot be released in time. Therefore, the BMS system will add real-time effective control and limitation of charging power and current to achieve the best state. When the charging power is too large and exceeds the limit value controlled by the BMS, any higher charging power will be invalid.

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